How to fix Container exited with code 139 (SIGSEGV - Segmentation fault) in Docker

# View recent kernel messages
dmesg | tail -n 50 | grep -i segfault

# Or with journalctl
journalctl -k --since "10 minutes ago" | grep -i segfault

# Example output:
# [12345.678] app[1234]: segfault at 0 ip 00007f... sp 00007ff... error 4 in libc.so.6

# Get container ID
docker ps -a

# View logs (may be empty if crash was immediate)
docker logs <container-id>

# Inspect container state
docker inspect --format '{{.State.ExitCode}} {{.State.Error}} {{.State.FinishedAt}}' <container-id>

# Build and run natively
./your-application

# Or run in the container interactively
docker run --rm -it <image> /bin/bash
./your-application

# Inside the container
ldd /path/to/your/binary

# Check for missing libraries
ldd /path/to/your/binary | grep 'not found'

# List library versions
ls -la /lib/ /usr/lib/

# Switch from Alpine to Debian-based image
FROM python:3.11-slim  # Instead of python:3.11-alpine

# Or install glibc compatibility layer in Alpine
RUN apk add --no-cache libc6-compat

# Check binary architecture
file /path/to/your/binary

# Check container platform
uname -m

# Build for specific platform
docker build --platform linux/amd64 -t myimage .

# Run with explicit platform
docker run --platform linux/amd64 myimage

# On the host, enable core dumps
ulimit -c unlimited
echo '/tmp/core.%e.%p' | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern

# Run container with elevated privileges for debugging
docker run --rm -it \
  --ulimit core=-1 \
  --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE \
  -v /tmp:/tmp \
  <image> /bin/bash

# Inside container, run the application
./your-application

# After crash, analyze with gdb
gdb /path/to/binary /tmp/core.<name>.<pid>
(gdb) bt  # Print backtrace

# Install gdb in container
apt-get update && apt-get install -y gdb

# Run application under gdb
gdb --args ./your-application
(gdb) run
# When it crashes:
(gdb) bt full  # Full backtrace with variables

# Compile with ASan
gcc -fsanitize=address -g -o myapp myapp.c

# Run - ASan will print detailed memory error info
./myapp

import faulthandler
faulthandler.enable()

# Update all packages
RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

# For Python - reinstall with no cache
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --force-reinstall <package>

# For Node.js - rebuild native modules
RUN npm rebuild

# Example: rebuild numpy from source
pip install --no-binary :all: numpy

# Check if running under WSL2
cat /proc/version | grep -i microsoft

# Update to newer base image
FROM centos:7  # Instead of centos:6
FROM ubuntu:22.04  # Instead of older Ubuntu versions

[wsl2]
kernelCommandLine = vsyscall=emulate

# Test without seccomp filtering
docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined <image>

# Test without AppArmor
docker run --security-opt apparmor=unconfined <image>