How to fix InvalidExportTimeException: The specified ExportTime is outside of the point in time recovery window in DynamoDB

# Check PITR status for a table
aws dynamodb describe-continuous-backups --table-name "MyTable"

# Get current time in UTC for reference
date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"

# Calculate valid time range
aws dynamodb describe-continuous-backups --table-name "MyTable" --query 'ContinuousBackupsDescription.PointInTimeRecoveryDescription.[EarliestRestorableDateTime, LatestRestorableDateTime]'

// Calculate valid export time range
const AWS = require('aws-sdk');
const dynamodb = new AWS.DynamoDB({ region: 'us-east-1' });

async function getValidExportTimeRange(tableName) {
  const response = await dynamodb.describeContinuousBackups({
    TableName: tableName
  }).promise();

  const pitr = response.ContinuousBackupsDescription.PointInTimeRecoveryDescription;
  const earliest = new Date(pitr.EarliestRestorableDateTime);
  const latest = new Date(pitr.LatestRestorableDateTime);
  const now = new Date();

  return {
    earliest,
    latest: latest < now ? latest : now,
    isValidTime: (timestamp) => {
      const time = new Date(timestamp);
      return time >= earliest && time <= latest;
    }
  };
}

// Adjust export time to valid range
async function getValidExportTime(tableName, desiredTime) {
  const range = await getValidExportTimeRange(tableName);
  const desired = new Date(desiredTime);

  if (range.isValidTime(desired)) {
    return desired.toISOString();
  }

  // Adjust to nearest valid time
  if (desired < range.earliest) {
    return range.earliest.toISOString();
  }

  if (desired > range.latest) {
    return range.latest.toISOString();
  }

  throw new Error('Time adjustment failed');
}

// Handle timezone and format issues
function normalizeExportTime(timestamp) {
  const date = new Date(timestamp);
  if (isNaN(date.getTime())) {
    throw new Error('Invalid timestamp: ' + timestamp);
  }
  return date.toISOString();
}

# Enable point-in-time recovery
aws dynamodb update-continuous-backups --table-name "MyTable" --point-in-time-recovery-specification PointInTimeRecoveryEnabled=true

# For longer retention, consider AWS Backup
aws backup create-backup-plan --backup-plan '{"BackupPlanName": "DynamoDB-LongTerm", "Rules": [{"RuleName": "DailyBackups", "TargetBackupVaultName": "Default", "ScheduleExpression": "cron(0 5 ? * * *)", "Lifecycle": {"DeleteAfterDays": 365}}]}'

// Comprehensive export time validation
class ExportTimeValidator {
  constructor(tableName, dynamodbClient) {
    this.tableName = tableName;
    this.client = dynamodbClient;
  }

  async validateExportTime(desiredTime) {
    const response = await this.client.describeContinuousBackups({
      TableName: this.tableName
    }).promise();

    const pitr = response.ContinuousBackupsDescription.PointInTimeRecoveryDescription;
    const earliest = new Date(pitr.EarliestRestorableDateTime);
    const latest = new Date(pitr.LatestRestorableDateTime);
    const time = new Date(desiredTime);
    const now = new Date();

    if (time > now) {
      throw new Error('ExportTime is in the future');
    }

    if (time < earliest) {
      throw new Error('ExportTime is older than earliest restorable time');
    }

    const effectiveLatest = latest < now ? latest : now;
    if (time > effectiveLatest) {
      throw new Error('ExportTime is newer than latest restorable time');
    }

    return time.toISOString();
  }
}

# Create CloudWatch alarm for PITR issues
aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm --alarm-name "DynamoDB-PITR-Health-MyTable" --comparison-operator "GreaterThanThreshold" --evaluation-periods 1 --metric-name "UserErrors" --namespace "AWS/DynamoDB" --period 300 --statistic "Sum" --threshold 0 --alarm-description "Alarm for DynamoDB PITR-related errors"

# Create CloudWatch Events rule for daily PITR check
aws events put-rule --name "Daily-PITR-Check" --schedule-expression "cron(0 8 ? * * *)" --state "ENABLED" --description "Daily check of DynamoDB PITR health"