How to fix ReplicaNotFoundException: Replica not found in the global table in DynamoDB

# List all replicas in the global table
aws dynamodb describe-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1

# View only the replica regions
aws dynamodb describe-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1 \
  --query 'GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup[*].{Region:RegionName,Status:ReplicationStatus}' \
  --output table

# Check replica status in detail
aws dynamodb describe-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1 \
  --query 'GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup[*].{Region:RegionName,Status:ReplicationStatus,LastUpdateToPayloadVersion:LastUpdateToPayloadVersion}' \
  --output json

# Check if you have access to the target region
aws ec2 describe-regions \
  --region-names eu-west-1 \
  --output table

# Try to describe the table in the target region directly
aws dynamodb describe-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region eu-west-1

# Check for any KMS key issues in that region
aws kms describe-key \
  --key-id alias/your-key-alias \
  --region eu-west-1 \
  --output json | grep -i "KeyState\|Enabled"

# First, verify that an empty table with the same name exists in the target region
aws dynamodb describe-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region eu-west-1

# If the table doesn't exist, create an empty table in the target region
# (it must have the same schema as the primary table)
aws dynamodb create-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --attribute-definitions AttributeName=id,AttributeType=S \
  --key-schema AttributeName=id,KeyType=HASH \
  --billing-mode PAY_PER_REQUEST \
  --stream-specification StreamEnabled=true,StreamViewType=NEW_AND_OLD_IMAGES \
  --region eu-west-1

# Wait for the table to become active
aws dynamodb wait table-exists --table-name your-table-name --region eu-west-1

# Now add the region as a replica to the global table
aws dynamodb update-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --replica-updates '[
    {
      "Create": {
        "RegionName": "eu-west-1"
      }
    }
  ]' \
  --region us-east-1

# Verify the replica was added
aws dynamodb describe-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1 \
  --query 'GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup[*].RegionName'

# List available backups
aws dynamodb list-backups \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1

# Restore from the most recent backup in the affected region
aws dynamodb restore-table-from-backup \
  --target-table-name your-table-name \
  --backup-arn arn:aws:dynamodb:eu-west-1:123456789012:table/your-table-name/backup/01234567890123-abcdef01

# Wait for restoration to complete
aws dynamodb wait table-exists \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region eu-west-1

# Re-add the restored table as a replica to the global table
aws dynamodb update-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --replica-updates '[
    {
      "Create": {
        "RegionName": "eu-west-1"
      }
    }
  ]' \
  --region us-east-1

# Verify restoration and replication
aws dynamodb describe-global-table \
  --global-table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1

import {
  DynamoDBClient,
  DescribeGlobalTableCommand,
  UpdateGlobalTableCommand,
  ReplicaNotFoundException
} from '@aws-sdk/client-dynamodb';

const client = new DynamoDBClient({ region: 'us-east-1' });

async function addReplicaWithValidation(globalTableName, replicaRegion) {
  try {
    // First, verify the replica doesn't already exist
    const describeCmd = new DescribeGlobalTableCommand({
      GlobalTableName: globalTableName
    });
    const response = await client.send(describeCmd);

    const existingRegions = response.GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup.map(
      r => r.RegionName
    );

    if (existingRegions.includes(replicaRegion)) {
      console.log(`Replica in ${replicaRegion} already exists`);
      return;
    }

    // Add the missing replica
    const updateCmd = new UpdateGlobalTableCommand({
      GlobalTableName: globalTableName,
      ReplicaUpdates: [
        {
          Create: {
            RegionName: replicaRegion
          }
        }
      ]
    });

    await client.send(updateCmd);
    console.log(`Successfully added replica in ${replicaRegion}`);

  } catch (error) {
    if (error.name === 'ReplicaNotFoundException') {
      console.error(`Replica not found in global table: ${error.message}`);
      // List available replicas for debugging
      const describeCmd = new DescribeGlobalTableCommand({
        GlobalTableName: globalTableName
      });
      const response = await client.send(describeCmd);
      console.log('Available replicas:', response.GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup);
    }
    throw error;
  }
}

async function checkReplicaHealth(globalTableName) {
  const describeCmd = new DescribeGlobalTableCommand({
    GlobalTableName: globalTableName
  });
  const response = await client.send(describeCmd);

  console.log('Global table status:', response.GlobalTableDescription.GlobalTableStatus);

  response.GlobalTableDescription.ReplicationGroup.forEach(replica => {
    console.log(`Region: ${replica.RegionName}, Status: ${replica.ReplicationStatus}`);

    // Alert on unhealthy replicas
    if (replica.ReplicationStatus !== 'ACTIVE') {
      console.warn(`Warning: Replica in ${replica.RegionName} is not ACTIVE`);
    }
  });
}

// Usage example
await addReplicaWithValidation('my-global-table', 'eu-west-1');
await checkReplicaHealth('my-global-table');

# Check AWS CLI configuration
aws configure list

# Test access to each replica region
aws dynamodb describe-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region us-east-1

aws dynamodb describe-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region eu-west-1

aws dynamodb describe-table \
  --table-name your-table-name \
  --region ap-southeast-1

# Verify IAM permissions for global table operations
aws iam simulate-principal-policy \
  --policy-source-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/YourRole \
  --action-names dynamodb:UpdateGlobalTable dynamodb:DescribeGlobalTable

# Check for active sessions and credentials
aws sts get-caller-identity

# Look for failed global table operations
aws cloudtrail lookup-events \
  --lookup-attributes AttributeKey=EventName,AttributeValue=UpdateGlobalTable \
  --start-time $(date -u -d '7 days ago' +%s) \
  --max-items 50 \
  --query 'Events[?ErrorCode=="ReplicaNotFoundException"]'

# Check for replica creation/deletion events
aws cloudtrail lookup-events \
  --lookup-attributes AttributeKey=EventName,AttributeValue=UpdateGlobalTable \
  --start-time $(date -u -d '7 days ago' +%s) \
  --query 'Events[*].[EventTime,EventName,CloudTrailEvent]' \
  --output json | jq '.[] | .[2] | fromjson | {eventTime: .eventTime, eventName: .eventName, requestParameters: .requestParameters, errorCode: .errorCode}'

# Monitor for region accessibility issues
aws cloudtrail lookup-events \
  --lookup-attributes AttributeKey=EventName,AttributeValue=DescribeGlobalTable \
  --start-time $(date -u -d '24 hours ago' +%s) \
  --query 'Events[?contains(CloudTrailEvent, "INACCESSIBLE")]'

# Check CloudWatch metrics for replication status
aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics \
  --namespace AWS/DynamoDB \
  --metric-name ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits \
  --dimensions Name=GlobalTableName,Value=your-table-name \
  --start-time $(date -u -d '24 hours ago' +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S) \
  --end-time $(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S) \
  --period 3600 \
  --statistics Sum