How to fix error: gpg failed to sign the data: gpg: problem with the agent: No pinentry in Git

# Find pinentry binaries
which pinentry pinentry-tty pinentry-curses pinentry-mac pinentry-gnome3 2>/dev/null

# On Linux, check common locations
ls -la /usr/bin/pinentry* 2>/dev/null

# On macOS with Homebrew
ls -la $(brew --prefix)/bin/pinentry* 2>/dev/null

sudo apt update
sudo apt install pinentry-tty
# Or for GUI: sudo apt install pinentry-gnome3

sudo dnf install pinentry
# Or: sudo yum install pinentry

brew install pinentry-mac
# Or for CLI: brew install pinentry

sudo pacman -S pinentry

# Create the .gnupg directory if it doesn't exist
mkdir -p ~/.gnupg
chmod 700 ~/.gnupg

# Find your pinentry path
PINENTRY_PATH=$(which pinentry-tty || which pinentry || which pinentry-curses)
echo "Pinentry found at: $PINENTRY_PATH"

# Add to gpg-agent.conf
echo "pinentry-program $PINENTRY_PATH" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

echo "pinentry-program $(brew --prefix)/bin/pinentry-mac" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

# GNOME
echo "pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-gnome3" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

# KDE
echo "pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-qt" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

cat ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

# Kill the existing agent
gpgconf --kill gpg-agent

# Or use pkill
pkill gpg-agent

# The agent will restart automatically on next GPG use
# Or start it manually:
gpg-agent --daemon

gpgconf --list-components
gpg-agent --version

# Set GPG_TTY for current session
export GPG_TTY=$(tty)

# Add to your shell profile for persistence
echo 'export GPG_TTY=$(tty)' >> ~/.bashrc
# Or for zsh:
echo 'export GPG_TTY=$(tty)' >> ~/.zshrc

# Reload your profile
source ~/.bashrc  # or source ~/.zshrc

# Test GPG signing directly
echo "test" | gpg --clearsign

# You should see output like:
# -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
# Hash: SHA256
#
# test
# -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
# ...
# -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

# Create a test signed commit
git commit --allow-empty -S -m "Test signed commit"

# Verify the signature
git log --show-signature -1

# Add to ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
echo "use-agent" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
echo "pinentry-mode loopback" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf

# Add to ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf
echo "allow-loopback-pinentry" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

# Restart agent
gpgconf --kill gpg-agent

# Use TTY-based pinentry for SSH sessions
# In ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf:
pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-tty

# Or use curses-based for better interface:
pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-curses

# Add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc
if [[ -n "$SSH_CONNECTION" ]]; then
  export GPG_TTY=$(tty)
  # Optionally update agent config for TTY pinentry
fi

gpgconf --kill gpg-agent

# Install pinentry-mac
brew install pinentry-mac

# Configure GPG to use it
echo "pinentry-program $(brew --prefix)/bin/pinentry-mac" > ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

# Restart the agent
gpgconf --kill gpg-agent

# Test
echo "test" | gpg --clearsign

# Reinstall GPG Suite
brew reinstall --cask gpg-suite

# Or use standalone GPG
brew reinstall gnupg pinentry-mac

# Install pinentry
sudo apt install pinentry-tty

# Configure GPG agent
mkdir -p ~/.gnupg
chmod 700 ~/.gnupg

cat > ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf << 'EOF'
pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-tty
allow-loopback-pinentry
EOF

cat > ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf << 'EOF'
use-agent
pinentry-mode loopback
EOF

# Set permissions
chmod 600 ~/.gnupg/*

# Add to ~/.bashrc
echo 'export GPG_TTY=$(tty)' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

# Restart agent
gpgconf --kill gpg-agent

# Check GPG configuration
gpgconf --list-dirs
gpgconf --list-options gpg-agent

# Verify agent socket exists
ls -la $(gpgconf --list-dirs agent-socket)

# Test agent connection
gpg-connect-agent /bye

# Enable verbose output for Git
GIT_TRACE=1 git commit --allow-empty -S -m "Debug test"

# Check GPG directly with verbose output
echo "test" | gpg --verbose --clearsign