How to fix ERROR 1566: Not allowed to modify binlog in MySQL

-- Check all temporary tables in the current session:
SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, TABLE_TYPE
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'TEMPORARY'
AND TABLE_SCHEMA NOT IN ('mysql', 'information_schema', 'performance_schema', 'sys');

-- Check if replication applier threads have temporary tables:
SHOW PROCESSLIST;
-- Look for any "applier" or "SQL thread" entries, then check what they are doing

-- If you know the temporary table names:
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS temp_table_1, temp_table_2;

-- Or, disconnect and reconnect in a new session (cleanest approach):
-- Simply close the current MySQL connection and create a new one

-- For application code (Node.js/mysql example):
// Close the current connection
await connection.end();
// Create a new connection
const newConnection = await mysql.createConnection(config);

-- Change at SESSION level (for current connection only):
SET @@SESSION.binlog_format = 'ROW';
-- or
SET @@SESSION.binlog_format = 'STATEMENT';
-- or
SET @@SESSION.binlog_format = 'MIXED';

-- Change at GLOBAL level (requires SUPER or SYSTEM_VARIABLES_ADMIN privilege):
SET @@GLOBAL.binlog_format = 'ROW';

-- Make the change persistent across restarts (MySQL 5.7.11+, requires SUPER or SYSTEM_VARIABLES_ADMIN):
SET @@PERSIST.binlog_format = 'ROW';

-- Verify the change:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'binlog_format';

-- Check the current binlog_format:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'binlog_format';

-- Check binlog status on the primary:
SHOW MASTER STATUS;

-- On the replica, verify replication is running:
SHOW REPLICA STATUS\G
-- Or (MySQL 5.7):
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

-- Verify no replication lag (Seconds_Behind_Master should be 0 or small):
SHOW REPLICA STATUS\G | grep "Seconds_Behind_Master";

-- This takes effect only after server restart, avoiding conflicts:
SET @@PERSIST_ONLY.binlog_format = 'ROW';

-- Verify it was set for next restart (check config):
SELECT * FROM performance_schema.variables_info WHERE VARIABLE_NAME = 'binlog_format';

-- The current runtime value remains unchanged until restart:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'binlog_format';

-- Stop the replica (MySQL 8.0.22+):
STOP REPLICA;

-- Or for older MySQL versions:
STOP SLAVE;

-- Wait a moment, then restart:
START REPLICA;

-- Or (older versions):
START SLAVE;

-- Verify replication thread status:
SHOW REPLICA STATUS\G

-- Check for errors:
SHOW REPLICA STATUS\G | grep -E "Replica_IO_Running|Replica_SQL_Running|Last_Error";