How to fix npm ERR! code EOTP npm ERR! This operation requires a one-time password in npm

For immediate interactive use, append the --otp flag with your 6-digit code:

npm publish --otp=123456

Replace 123456 with the current code from Google Authenticator, Authy, or your 2FA app. OTP codes expire in ~30 seconds, so complete the command quickly.

Set the OTP via environment variable to avoid typing it each time:

export NPM_CONFIG_OTP=123456
npm publish

For Windows PowerShell:

$env:NPM_CONFIG_OTP='123456'
npm publish

This is the recommended solution for automated publishing:

1. Log into https://www.npmjs.com/settings/~/tokens
2. Click 'Generate New Token'
3. Select 'Granular Access Token'
4. Grant 'write' or 'publish' permissions
5. Enable 'Bypass 2FA' checkbox
6. Store token as a secret in your CI/CD platform

Create .npmrc in your project:

//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=${NPM_TOKEN}

Now npm publish will work without OTP prompts.

If you want to publish manually without OTP but keep 2FA for account security:

1. Go to https://www.npmjs.com/settings/~/security
2. Click 'Modify 2FA'
3. Navigate to 'Additional Options'
4. Uncheck 'Require two-factor authentication for write actions'
5. Click 'Update Preferences'

Note: This is less secure; prefer automation tokens instead.