How to fix P1008: Operations timed out in Prisma

# For PostgreSQL
psql -h <your-host> -U <your-user> -d <your-db> -c "SELECT 1"

# For MySQL
mysql -h <your-host> -u <your-user> -p <your-db> -e "SELECT 1"

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydb?connection_limit=10&pool_timeout=20"

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydb?connect_timeout=30&pool_timeout=20"

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydb?connection_limit=15&pool_timeout=20"

-- PostgreSQL
SELECT count(*) FROM pg_stat_activity;

-- MySQL
SHOW STATUS WHERE variable_name = 'Threads_connected';

const prisma = new PrismaClient({
  log: ['query'],
});

// Bad: Fetches everything
const user = await prisma.user.findUnique({ where: { id: 1 } });

// Good: Fetches only what you need
const user = await prisma.user.findUnique({
  where: { id: 1 },
  select: { id: true, email: true, name: true },
});

model Post {
  id    Int     @id @default(autoincrement())
  title String
  authorId Int
  author User @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])

  @@index([authorId])  // Index for filtering
}

// Bad: N+1 problem
const users = await prisma.user.findMany();
for (const user of users) {
  const posts = await prisma.post.findMany({ where: { authorId: user.id } });
}

// Good: Single query with relations
const users = await prisma.user.findMany({
  include: { posts: true },
});

const results = await prisma.$queryRaw`
  SELECT u.id, u.name, COUNT(p.id) as post_count
  FROM User u
  LEFT JOIN Post p ON u.id = p.authorId
  GROUP BY u.id
`;

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydb?connect_timeout=30&socket_timeout=30"

# Check migration status
npx prisma migrate status

# If migration shows as failed but changes were applied:
npx prisma migrate resolve --rolled-back "<migration_name>"

# Or mark it as successfully applied:
npx prisma migrate resolve --applied "<migration_name>"

DATABASE_URL="prisma://accelerate.prisma-data.net/?api_key=YOUR_API_KEY"

[databases]
mydb = host=production-db.example.com port=5432 dbname=mydb

[pgbouncer]
pool_mode = transaction
max_client_conn = 1000
default_pool_size = 25

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@pgbouncer-host:6432/mydb"

// lib/prisma.ts
import { PrismaClient } from "@prisma/client";

const prismaClientSingleton = () => {
  return new PrismaClient();
};

type PrismaClientSingleton = ReturnType<typeof prismaClientSingleton>;

const globalForPrisma = globalThis as unknown as {
  prisma: PrismaClientSingleton | undefined;
};

const prisma = globalForPrisma.prisma ?? prismaClientSingleton();

export default prisma;

if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "production") globalForPrisma.prisma = prisma;

await prisma.$transaction(
  async (tx) => {
    // Multi-step operation
    await tx.user.update({ where: { id: 1 }, data: { name: "Alice" } });
    await tx.post.create({ data: { title: "New Post", authorId: 1 } });
  },
  {
    timeout: 30000, // 30 seconds (in milliseconds)
  }
);

async function executeWithRetry<T>(
  fn: () => Promise<T>,
  maxRetries: number = 3,
  baseDelay: number = 100
): Promise<T> {
  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxRetries; attempt++) {
    try {
      return await fn();
    } catch (error) {
      if (
        attempt === maxRetries - 1 ||
        !String(error).includes("P1008")
      ) {
        throw error;
      }

      const delay = baseDelay * Math.pow(2, attempt);
      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
    }
  }
  throw new Error("Max retries exceeded");
}

// Usage:
const user = await executeWithRetry(() =>
  prisma.user.findUnique({ where: { id: 1 } })
);