How to fix P2010: Raw query failed in Prisma

PrismaClientKnownRequestError: Raw query failed.
Code: `42601`.
Message: `db error: ERROR: syntax error at or near "$1"`

# PostgreSQL
psql "postgresql://user:pass@localhost/dbname"
\# SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 123;

# MySQL
mysql -u user -p database
> SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 123;

// WRONG: Missing semicolon won't cause P2010, but typos will
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM user`;  // "user" might not exist

// WRONG: Spaces in column names need quotes
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT my column FROM users`;

// CORRECT: Properly quoted identifiers
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT "myColumn" FROM "Users"`;

// CORRECT: In PostgreSQL, use quotes if case-sensitive names
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}`;

// These are different in PostgreSQL:
`SELECT * FROM users`   // Becomes lowercase: users
`SELECT * FROM "Users"` // Exact case: Users

// If your table is created as "Users", you must quote it
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM "Users"`;

// WRONG: Passing string to an integer column
const userId = "123";  // String from URL param
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}`;
// Error: Type mismatch or parameter serialization failure

// CORRECT: Cast to the right type
const userId = parseInt("123", 10);
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}`;

// CORRECT: Use explicit SQL type casting
const userId = "123";
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}::integer`;

// WRONG: INTERVAL expects specific format
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM events WHERE duration > ${'1 hour'}`;

// CORRECT: Cast to INTERVAL
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM events WHERE duration > ${'1 hour'}::interval`;

// WRONG: BigInt may not serialize correctly
const largeId = BigInt("9007199254740991");
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM items WHERE id = ${largeId}`;

// CORRECT: Convert to string for large numbers
const largeId = "9007199254740991";
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM items WHERE id = ${largeId}::bigint`;

// WRONG: SQL injection risk + parameter issues
const tableName = "users";
const query = `SELECT * FROM ${tableName}`;
await prisma.$queryRaw(query);

// CORRECT: Use tagged template literal (Prisma's parameter binding)
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}`;

// CORRECT: For dynamic SQL fragments, use Prisma.sql
import { Prisma } from '@prisma/client';

const whereFragment = Prisma.sql`WHERE email = ${email}`;
await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM users ${whereFragment}`;

// CORRECT: Use Prisma.sql for building complex queries safely
const query = Prisma.sql`
  SELECT * FROM users
  WHERE age > ${minAge}
  AND status = ${status}
`;
const results = await prisma.$queryRaw(query);

// UNSAFE: Only use if you fully control the input
const tableName = "users";  // Hardcoded or heavily validated
await prisma.$queryRawUnsafe(`SELECT * FROM ${tableName}`);

npm list @prisma/client

npm install @prisma/client@latest
npx prisma generate

// This might throw P2010 with N/A codes but still execute
try {
  const result = await prisma.$executeRaw`
    INSERT INTO logs (message, level)
    VALUES (${message}, ${level})
  `;
  console.log('Rows affected:', result);  // Still works despite error
} catch (error) {
  // Check if it's an N/A error
  if (error.code === 'P2010' && error.message.includes('N/A')) {
    console.log('Query likely succeeded despite N/A error');
    // Verify by querying the data
    const inserted = await prisma.$queryRaw`SELECT * FROM logs WHERE message = ${message}`;
    if (inserted.length > 0) {
      console.log('Confirmed: data was inserted');
    }
  } else {
    throw error;
  }
}