How to fix SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC: Error during fsync() in SQLite

#include <sqlite3.h>

void error_log_callback(void *pArg, int iErrCode, const char *zMsg) {
    fprintf(stderr, "SQLite Error [%d]: %s\n", iErrCode, zMsg);
}

// During initialization
sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG, error_log_callback, NULL);

import sqlite3
import logging

# Enable SQLite trace
sqlite3.enable_callback_tracebacks(True)

# Log errors
def log_sqlite_error(errno, msg):
    logging.error(f"SQLite error {errno}: {msg}")

# Unmount the filesystem first
sudo umount /dev/sdX1

# Run filesystem check
sudo fsck -f /dev/sdX1

# Remount
sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/point

# F2FS
fsck.f2fs /dev/sdX1

# XFS
xfs_repair /dev/sdX1

# Check system logs
dmesg | grep -i error
journalctl -xe | grep -i sqlite

# Install smartmontools
sudo apt-get install smartmontools

# Check disk health
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdX

# Look for reallocated sectors, pending sectors, or other warnings
sudo smartctl -H /dev/sdX

# Test disk performance (WARNING: destroys data on the device)
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=1M count=1000

# Test filesystem write/sync
sync && echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/testfile bs=1M count=100 oflag=dsync
rm /mnt/testfile

mount | grep /path/to/database

# Look for read-only or noatime flags that might interfere
cat /proc/mounts | grep /mnt/point

# Mount SMB with better SQLite support
sudo mount -t cifs //server/share /mnt/point \
  -o username=user,uid=1000,gid=1000,file_mode=0660,dir_mode=0770,nobrl

# Or in /etc/fstab
//server/share /mnt/point cifs credentials=/etc/samba/credentials,nobrl,uid=1000 0 0

# Copy database to local storage
cp /mnt/network/database.db /var/lib/app/database.db

# Update application configuration
# In your app config or environment
DATABASE_PATH=/var/lib/app/database.db

import sqlite3
import os

# Prefer local storage
if os.path.exists('/mnt/network/app'):
    # Use local database path
    db_path = '/var/lib/app/database.db'
else:
    db_path = '/mnt/network/database.db'

conn = sqlite3.connect(db_path)

-- Check current synchronous setting
PRAGMA synchronous;

-- Reduce to NORMAL (default is FULL)
PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL;

-- Or PRAGMA synchronous = 1;

import sqlite3

conn = sqlite3.connect('database.db')
# FULL (2) - Maximum safety, fsync on every commit
# NORMAL (1) - Sync at critical moments (default for WAL mode)
# OFF (0) - No sync, fastest but dangerous
conn.execute('PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL')

const sqlite3 = require('better-sqlite3');
const db = sqlite3('database.db');

// Set to NORMAL mode
db.pragma('synchronous = NORMAL');

# Find processes with the database file open
lsof /path/to/database.db

# Check for multiple processes
ps aux | grep your-app

import sqlite3

# Use context manager to ensure proper cleanup
with sqlite3.connect('database.db') as conn:
    # Your database operations
    conn.execute('INSERT INTO users VALUES (?)', (name,))
    # Connection closed automatically on exit

// Ensure single connection instance
const sqlite3 = require('better-sqlite3');

class Database {
    constructor(path) {
        if (!Database.instance) {
            Database.instance = sqlite3(path);
        }
        return Database.instance;
    }
}

const db = new Database('database.db');