This error occurs when your tsconfig.json specifies a baseUrl that points to a directory that does not exist in your project. TypeScript cannot resolve module imports without a valid baseUrl directory, causing compilation to fail immediately.
TypeScript uses the baseUrl setting in tsconfig.json to resolve non-relative module imports. When TypeScript scans your project during compilation, it attempts to locate the directory specified in baseUrl. If that directory does not exist on the file system, TypeScript raises this error because the module resolution system cannot establish the base path for resolving your import statements. This is typically a configuration error caused by misspelled paths, directories that were moved or deleted, or incorrect relative path syntax. The error prevents TypeScript compilation from even beginning because the foundational configuration is invalid.
Check your tsconfig.json and confirm the baseUrl directory actually exists in your project:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "./src"
}
}Navigate to the directory relative to where tsconfig.json is located. For example, if baseUrl is "./src", there must be a src/ folder in your project root.
Always use paths relative to where your tsconfig.json is located. The most common pattern is:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "."
}
}This sets the project root (where tsconfig.json lives) as the baseUrl. Then use paths like "./src/utils" or "./src/components" in your imports.
If baseUrl is set to "./src", verify the src directory exists:
# On Unix/Mac/Linux
ls -la src/
# On Windows (PowerShell)
Test-Path -Path ".\src" -PathType Container
# Or just check your file explorerIf the directory does not exist, create it or update baseUrl to point to the correct directory.
Update your baseUrl to match your actual project structure:
// Correct: baseUrl points to project root
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "."
}
}
// Correct: baseUrl points to src directory
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "./src"
}
}
// Incorrect: directory does not exist
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "./source" // Error if 'source' folder does not exist
}
}Always verify the referenced directory exists in your project.
After fixing baseUrl, restart your IDE or TypeScript language server to ensure the configuration is reloaded:
# If using VS Code, press Ctrl+Shift+P (Cmd+Shift+P on Mac)
# Type: TypeScript: Restart TS Server
# Or simply reload the windowIDEs cache TypeScript configuration, so restarting ensures the change takes effect.
Modern TypeScript (4.1+) makes baseUrl optional when using paths. However, it is still recommended to set baseUrl explicitly to avoid ambiguity. The baseUrl must be relative to the tsconfig.json file location unless you are using an absolute path (not recommended). When using build tools like webpack, esbuild, or Vite, ensure they also understand your baseUrl and paths configuration, as some tools require separate configuration in their own files.
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