How to fix Member 'x' implicitly has an 'any' type because its type cannot be inferred from its initializer in TypeScript

// Before - Error
class MyClass {
  x = null; // Error: Member 'x' implicitly has an 'any' type
}

// After - Fixed
class MyClass {
  x: string | null = null; // Explicit type annotation
}

// Before - Error
class MyClass {
  data = someComplexFunction(); // TypeScript can't infer return type
}

// After - Fixed with type assertion
class MyClass {
  data = someComplexFunction() as MyDataType;
}

// Or with angle bracket syntax (older)
class MyClass {
  data = <MyDataType>someComplexFunction();
}

// Before - Error (null doesn't provide type info)
class User {
  name = null;
}

// After - Fixed (string literal provides type info)
class User {
  name = ''; // TypeScript infers 'string' type
}

// Or with a more specific value
class Config {
  port = 3000; // TypeScript infers 'number' type
  enabled = false; // TypeScript infers 'boolean' type
}

// Before - Error
class Product {
  price = null; // Error
}

// After - Fixed with union type
class Product {
  price: number | null = null; // Explicitly nullable number
}

// For optional properties that might be undefined
class Order {
  shippingDate: Date | undefined; // No initializer needed
  // or
  shippingDate?: Date; // Shorthand syntax
}

// tsconfig.json
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    // NOT RECOMMENDED for production - disables important type checking
    "noImplicitAny": false,

    // Better alternative - use strict mode but allow specific cases
    "strict": true,
    "strictNullChecks": true,
    "strictPropertyInitialization": false // Allows uninitialized properties
  }
}

// Before - Error
class Database {
  connection; // Error: implicit 'any' type
  constructor() {
    this.connection = createConnection();
  }
}

// After - Fixed with definite assignment assertion
class Database {
  connection!: DatabaseConnection; // The ! tells TypeScript it will be initialized
  constructor() {
    this.connection = createConnection();
  }
}

// Alternative: Initialize in constructor
class Database {
  connection: DatabaseConnection;
  constructor() {
    this.connection = createConnection(); // No error - initialized in constructor
  }
}